The total number of red blood cells per microliter of blood.
The concentration of hemoglobin (oxygen-carrying protein) in the blood.
The percentage of blood volume composed of red blood cells.
Average size of red cells.
Average hemoglobin per red cell.
Concentration of hemoglobin within RBCs.
Variation in red cell size—high variation may suggest mixed types of anemia.
Total number of white blood cells per microliter of blood. Indicates immune activity: high in infection or inflammation, low in immune suppression or bone marrow issues .
Most abundant WBC (~60–70%), frontline defenders that ingest and destroy bacteria and fungi. They’re a key part of the innate immune system.
Comprise about 20–40% of WBCs. Include B‑cells (produce antibodies), T‑cells (coordinate immunity and kill infected cells), and NK cells. Critical for adaptive immunity—recognizing past infections and targeting viruses or cancer cells
Represent ~2–8% of WBCs. Act as scavengers—eating debris and pathogens—and mature into macrophages that alert T‑cells to ongoing threats.
Make up ~1–4% of WBCs. Defend against parasites and participate in allergy and asthma responses
Least common (~0.5–1% of WBCs). Release histamine and heparin during allergic reactions and inflammation.
Number of platelets per microliter of blood. Platelets are essential for blood clotting; low levels may risk bleeding, high levels can signal clotting disorders or inflammation.
Average size of platelets. Larger platelets are younger and typically more reactive; helps assess platelet production or destruction rates.

The overall amount of cholesterol in your blood, encompassing LDL, HDL, and VLDL. While total cholesterol gives a general overview, it doesn't specify the types of cholesterol present.
A type of cholesterol that carries fat particles through your bloodstream. Elevated small dense LDL levels can lead to plaque buildup in arteries, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis, heart attack, and stroke. Large buoyant LDL particles are necessary and non-inflammatory. Lipid fractionation testing helps to determine types and sizes.
A type of cholesterol that helps remove LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream. Higher HDL levels are associated with a lower risk of heart disease, as it helps prevent plaque formation in arteries.
A type of fat found in the blood, derived from excess calories, alcohol, or sugar. High triglyceride levels can contribute to the hardening and narrowing of arteries, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
A type of lipoprotein that carries triglycerides in the blood. VLDL is considered a precursor to LDL and contributes to plaque buildup in arteries.
A higher ratio indicates a higher risk of heart disease. An optimal ratio is below 3.5:1, while a ratio above 5:1 suggests increased cardiovascular risk.
This ratio reflects the balance between "bad" and "good" cholesterol. A ratio above 2.5 is commonly associated with a higher risk of heart disease.
A protein found in atherogenic lipoproteins like LDL and VLDL. Elevated ApoB levels indicate a higher number of atherogenic particles, suggesting 10x increased cardiovascular risk.
A genetic variant of LDL cholesterol. High levels of Lp(a) are associated with an increased risk of heart disease, independent of other lipid measures.
Traditional lipid panels measure the concentration of cholesterol in lipoprotein particles but do not account for the number and size of these particles. Lipoprotein fractionation provides a more comprehensive view of lipid metabolism and cardiovascular risk. For instance, individuals with a high number of small, dense LDL particles may be at greater risk for cardiovascular events, even if their standard cholesterol levels are within normal ranges.
The total number of LDL particles. A higher particle number, even with normal LDL cholesterol levels, can indicate increased cardiovascular risk.
Refers to the average size of LDL particles. Smaller, denser LDL particles are more atherogenic and associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events.
Assesses the risk of cardiovascular disease based on cholesterol health, either Pattern A or Pattern B.
The total number of HDL particles. Higher HDL-P levels are generally protective against cardiovascular disease.
The average size of HDL particles. Larger HDL particles are more effective at removing cholesterol from the bloodstream.
The total number of VLDL particles. Elevated VLDL-P levels are associated with increased triglyceride levels and higher cardiovascular risk.
The average size of VLDL particles. Larger VLDL particles are less atherogenic compared to smaller ones.

Autoimmunity

Antibodies that target structures within the cell nucleus. A positive ANA is a hallmark of many autoimmune diseases (lupus, Sjögren’s, scleroderma), but is not disease-specific.
Autoantibodies often present in rheumatoid arthritis. Elevated RF supports an RA diagnosis (seen in 60–80% of RA patients); not definitive alone
IgG antibodies targeting citrullinated proteins. More specific for RA than RF, often appearing early and indicating more aggressive disease.
Levels of complement proteins involved in immune response. Low levels can indicate active disease in lupus and other autoimmune conditions.
This antibody targets chromatin a structure of DNA and proteins. It is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and drug-induced lupus.
These antibodies are specific markers for antiphospholipid syndrome and help identify clotting risks in autoimmune conditions.
Cardiolipin antibodies are linked to antiphospholipid syndrome a disorder that increases the risk of blood clots miscarriages and strokes.
This test detects antibodies targeting double-stranded DNA a hallmark of lupus. Elevated levels are highly specific for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and can indicate disease activity.
Jo-1 antibodies are markers for polymyositis and dermatomyositis autoimmune conditions that cause muscle inflammation and weakness.
MCV antibodies are markers for rheumatoid arthritis particularly in cases with joint inflammation or erosive joint-damaging disease.
RNP antibodies are strongly associated with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) and may also be present in lupus or scleroderma.
Scl-70 antibodies are associated with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) particularly the diffuse form which affects skin and internal organs.
These antibodies are markers for Sjögren's syndrome and may also be present in lupus. They help diagnose and differentiate between autoimmune conditions.
Sm antibodies are highly specific markers for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and are rarely found in other conditions making them key in confirming a lupus diagnosis.
Detects antibodies to Sm and RNP which are associated with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) is an enzyme that modifies proteins and plays a role in tissue repair. In celiac disease, the immune system produces antibodies against tTG when gluten is consumed, leading to inflammation and intestinal damage. The tissue transglutaminase antibody test (IgA, IgG) detects this immune response and is considered the most reliable screening test for celiac disease.
Deamidated gliadin is a modified form of gliadin, a protein found in gluten. In the digestive process, gliadin undergoes deamidation, a chemical change where certain amino acids are altered, making it more likely to trigger an immune response in people with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity. The deamidated gliadin antibody test (IgA, IgG) helps detect this immune reaction, making it a useful marker for diagnosing celiac disease and monitoring gluten-related disorders.

Female Hormones

For biological females, testing the hormone estradiol (one type of estrogen) is key in detecting menopause, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), androgen- or estrogen-producing tumors, uterine and breast cancer, and mitigating the risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. If one is on hormonal birth control, this test will not be run.
When SHBG levels change, it can impact the amount of available hormones in the body, either too much or too little. This can affect the menstrual cycle as well as fertility. SHBG patrols the amount of sex hormones the body tissues can use.
LH levels give insight into sexual development and fertility. LH releases estrogen during the menstrual cycle, which triggers the release of an egg from the ovary, otherwise known as ovulation. It can also help determine states of perimenopause and menopause. If one is on hormonal birth control, this test will not be run.
FSH evaluates ovarian health and pituitary function, and can help determine a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), perimenopause, or menopause. As a type of protein hormone, FSH is responsible for stimulating the ovarian follicles that produce and release eggs during ovulation. If one is on hormonal birth control, this test will not be run.
DHEA Sulfate, the most abundant hormone in the human body, is associated with longevity, positive reproductive outcomes, and immune system regulation. This test can gauge reproductive function and the health of your adrenal gland.
Prolactin levels can guide the diagnosis of irregular or absent menstrual periods, infertility, menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, liver or kidney disease, hypothyroidism, and/or estrogen and testosterone deficiency, in addition to unwanted lactation. It is also used to screen for pituitary tumors. Prolactin is a peptide hormone produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates breast development and milk production in pregnant women.
This helps evaluate functions associated with testosterone levels, such as fertility, sexual function, muscle mass, energy, mood, insulin resistance/sensitivity, and pituitary function. It can also detect prediabetes, PCOS, or menopause. Function tests both "free" and “total” testosterone in the blood.
In all adults, healthy levels of testosterone are important for general health, body composition, sexual function, and reduced risk of disease. Function tests both "free" and “total” testosterone in your blood. One will naturally have a higher level of "total" than "free.”
Androstenedione is a steroid hormone that acts as a precursor to testosterone and estrogen. In women testing can help evaluate polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) irregular menstrual cycles or adrenal disorders which can cause excessive hair growth (hirsutism) acne or fertility issues. In men it evaluates testosterone production and adrenal function which may help explain symptoms like low sex drive (libido), fatigue, or reduced muscle mass.
DHT is a potent androgen (a type of hormone that regulates growth and reproduction) derived from testosterone. In men DHT levels can help evaluate conditions such as male pattern baldness prostate disorders or hormonal imbalances. In women testing can provide insights into androgen-related issues such as excessive hair growth (hirsutism) acne or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
IGF-1 is known as the "growth hormone" because it stimulates growth in cells throughout the body. This leads to growth and development (from the womb and through adolescence), strengthening of tissues (e.g. improving bone density, building muscle), and healing (e.g. skin, bones, gut lining), depending on what the body needs.

Pancreatic Enzymes

Amylase checks in on the pancreas, and irregular levels can detect salivary disease, celiac disease, IBD, and the growth of a tumor in an amylase-producing tissue. Amylase is an enzyme produced in the salivary glands and pancreas. It’s a digestive protein that breaks down carbohydrates and starches into simple sugars, giving the body energy.
A lipase test is able to show swelling or inflammation in the pancreas, a condition known as pancreatitis. It can also reveal other health conditions such as kidney disease, pancreatic cancer, and problems with the gallbladder or esophagus. Lipase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas that helps the body digest fats.

Heavy Metals

Aluminum is a common metal found in food medications and the environment. High exposure levels can accumulate in the body and have been linked to neurological concerns and potential effects on bone strength and mineral density.
Arsenic is a toxic heavy metal found in contaminated water food and industrial environments. Measuring arsenic levels helps assess exposure which has been associated with health issues such as skin conditions cardiovascular disease and impaired bone health.
Lead is a common element all around us and is naturally absorbed, but it can be dangerous if exposed to hazardous sources. Untreated toxicity can lead to fertility complications, kidney failure, convulsions, cardiovascular issues, hormonal disruption, gastrointestinal issues, and neurological changes.
Mercury is a neurotoxin that can result in kidney damage, brain damage, and fertility issues. It is found everywhere: fish, coal, plastics, pesticides, mercury amalgam dental fillings, and more. In 2022, the US government reaffirmed regulations to curtail mercury pollution from power plants. Testing mercury levels over time and establishing a baseline provides an understanding of why and how one may be exposed to mercury.

Lipid Panel

Complete Metabolic Panel (CMP)

Thyroid Panel

A hormone from the pituitary gland (not a thyroid hormone!) that controls thyroid activity by signaling it to produce T3 and T4.
The unbound portion of T4 available to tissues. Reflects thyroid production capacity.
A type of cholesterol that helps remove LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream. Higher HDL levels are associated with a lower risk of heart disease, as it helps prevent plaque formation in arteries.
The active thyroid hormone; only a small portion is unbound and usable.
Measures both bound and free T3 hormones.
An inactive form of T3 produced when T4 is converted “off-pathway.” Elevated rT3 may block active T3 and reflect conversion issues caused by stress or illness.
Autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase, an enzyme essential for hormone production. High levels indicate autoimmune reactions like Hashimoto’s or Graves’ disease; present in ~90% of Hashimoto’s cases.
Autoantibodies targeting thyroglobulin, a thyroid hormone precursor. Typically elevated in Hashimoto’s.
TSI are antibodies that overstimulate the thyroid gland commonly linked to autoimmune hyperthyroidism such as Graves' disease.
A critical building block for thyroid hormones T₄ and T₃ (T₄ contains four iodine atoms, T₃ contains three). Deficiency can lead to goiter, hypothyroidism, developmental delays, and brain impairment. Found in iodized salt, seafood, dairy, and seaweed.
Integral to selenoproteins (e.g., glutathione peroxidase and deiodinases) that protect thyroid cells from oxidative stress and enable conversion of T₄ to active T₃. Found in Brazil nuts, seafood, eggs, and organ meats.

Inflammation

Male Hormones

Insulin levels can uncover reasons behind abnormal blood sugar, insulin resistance, and more. It can also reveal hidden blood sugar issues even years before they escalate to something like diabetes. Establishing one's insulin baseline can be incredibly insightful to how one's lifestyle affects health.
HbA1c is the average amount of glucose attached to blood cells over the last 90 days. It diagnoses, monitors, and screens for prediabetes and diabetes. This test is a revelatory look into one's health, specifically the body’s ability to control blood sugar. Unhealthy levels are triggered by inflammation, vitamin deficiencies, kidney damage, thyroid disorders, and more. One's diet and habits can have a substantial impact on this test.
Uric acid in the blood screens for metabolic disorders, like gout, anemia, and immunodeficiencies. This often overlooked test has renewed attention after recent studies show elevated levels can increase the risk of death from cardiovascular issues by 39% and stroke by 35%.
Leptin tells the brain when to stop eating. It is a hormone created by fat cells that regulates energy expenditure, and this test is an important diagnostic tool for leptin deficiency, which causes obesity and chronic inflammation. High levels are often associated with vascular risk factors, including insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension.
A hormone that plays a role in regulating glucose levels and fatty acid breakdown. Low levels are associated with obesity diabetes and cardiovascular disease making it an important marker for metabolic health.
C-peptide reflects how much insulin the pancreas is producing providing key insights into the body's management of blood sugar. It's particularly useful for distinguishing between types of diabetes and identifying insulin resistance.

Nutrients

This ratio helps assess inflammation and the management of heart disease and other chronic/inflammatory processes.
Copper is a trace mineral vital for iron metabolism, connective tissue formation, and brain function. Testing can reveal deficiencies or excesses that may affect energy, immunity, and neurological health.
Ferritin levels can help diagnose iron deficiency, liver disease, inflammation, or insulin resistance. Ferritin is a protein that stores iron in cells and then releases the iron when the body makes more red blood cells.
A homocysteine test checks the body’s vitamin B levels and methylation function, a key biochemical process essential for almost all of the body’s systems. Abnormal homocysteine can build up and increase the risk of blood clots, dementia, osteoporosis, heart disease, heart attack, and stroke. Homocysteine is an amino acid that helps organs grow and regenerate.
Healthy iron levels create vitality throughout the entire body. Iron helps various vital functions, like providing energy and focus, building a strong gastrointestinal tract and immune system, and regulating body temperature. Iron deficiency can lead to numerous biological problems, including anemia.
TIBC assesses the body’s ability to transport iron in the blood, and can diagnose and/or monitor iron-deficiency or iron overload. Lower than normal levels of TIBC could indicate too much iron and a variety of conditions, including anemias, inflammation, or liver disease.
The Iron % Saturation test measures the percentage of transferrin, a protein that transports iron in the blood, that is saturated with iron. This test is crucial for assessing iron status in the body and can help diagnose conditions such as iron deficiency anemia or iron overload disorders like hemochromatosis.
Magnesium is a mineral imperative for cells to make energy, for chemical pumps to work and stabilize membranes, and to help muscles relax. Low magnesium can impact calcium, potassium, phosphorus, and/or parathyroid hormone. This test helps evaluate absorption and helps determine whether or not there’s a problem with kidney function or the gastrointestinal tract.
MMA measures vitamin B12 and can detect a deficiency even when mild or just beginning. MMA is a key component for metabolism and energy, and because blood and/or urine levels of MMA rise when B12 levels drop, it is a more sensitive biomarker than testing just B12 levels.
Omega-3 fatty acids, including EPA and DHA, are essential for reducing inflammation, supporting heart health, and promoting brain function. This test is important because adequate omega-3 levels are associated with a lower risk of heart disease, better inflammatory response, and improved mental health.
Measures this pro-inflammatory omega-6 fatty acid, which can increase the risk of inflammatory diseases and mood disorders if chronically elevated.
Linoleic acid is a key omega-6 fatty acid essential for cell membrane structure and function and is a precursor to arachidonic acid, which plays a significant role in the body's inflammatory processes. Elevated levels of linoleic acid can indicate excessive dietary intake, which may contribute to chronic inflammation and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
While omega-6 is typically higher than omega-3, ensuring that this ratio remains low is important.
Imbalanced omega-3 and omega-6 levels are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, age-related macular degeneration, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, and more. Omegas are essential fatty acids (EFAs), which are the building blocks for every cell in the body. Well-balanced omegas can contribute to optimal brain performance, mental health, nerve function, a healthy heart, circulation, immune system, gastrointestinal tract, skin, hair, and nails.
Vitamin D deficiency is widely underdiagnosed and undertreated. Over time, low levels can lead to hypothyroidism, osteoporosis, cancer, heart disease, fatigue, depression, seasonal affective disorder (SAD), gut issues, and fibromyalgia. The role of vitamin D is vast and benefits the immune system, thyroid, bones and teeth, muscles, and brain.
Zinc is mostly known for its immune support, but it's actually a powerful mineral across all systems of the body: from strengthening bones and muscles, preventing blood clotting and metal accumulation, promoting proper insulin and thyroid function, and so much more. If deficient, it can impact mood, sexual function, and immunity.
Vitamin B12 is integral for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation. Testing helps identify deficiencies linked to fatigue, neurological symptoms, and anemia.
Folate (vitamin B9) is essential for DNA synthesis, red blood cell production, and preventing neural tube birth defects. Testing helps identify deficiencies that may impact energy, mood, or cardiovascular health.
This test analyzes genetic variations in the MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) gene, which plays an important role in processing folate (vitamin B9) and regulating homocysteine, a substance linked to heart and brain health. Variants in this gene can affect cardiovascular health, energy production, reproduction, and neurological function.

For biological males, testing the hormone estradiol (one type of estrogen) is key in understanding testosterone levels and sexual function. Estradiol is essential in sexual development and managing the reproductive system.
When SHBG levels change, it can impact the amount of available hormones in the body, either too much or too little. This can affect the menstrual cycle as well as fertility. SHBG patrols the amount of sex hormones the body tissues can use.
LH helps the testicles make testosterone, which is important for producing sperm and many other male functions. LH levels gives insight into one's sexual development and fertility.
FSH levels share insight into one's fertility, along with testicle and pituitary health. Strong levels are necessary for healthy male hormonal function, and are partially responsible for sperm production and sexual development.
DHEA-S can gauge the health of the reproductive system and adrenal glands. It is one of three adrenal androgens: steroid hormones that control the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics.
Prolactin levels can guide diagnosis of low libido or erectile dysfunction, or screen for pituitary tumor. Prolactin is a peptide hormone produced by the pituitary gland.
This helps evaluate functions associated with testosterone levels, such as fertility, sexual function, muscle mass, energy, mood, insulin resistance/sensitivity, and pituitary function. It can also screen for prediabetes. Function tests both "free" and “total” testosterone in the blood.
In all adults, healthy levels of testosterone are important for general health, body composition, sexual function, and reduced risk of disease.
Androstenedione is a steroid hormone that acts as a precursor to testosterone and estrogen. In women testing can help evaluate polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) irregular menstrual cycles or adrenal disorders which can cause excessive hair growth (hirsutism) acne or fertility issues. In men it evaluates testosterone production and adrenal function which may help explain symptoms like low sex drive (libido), fatigue, or reduced muscle mass.
DHT is a potent androgen (a type of hormone that regulates growth and reproduction) derived from testosterone. In men DHT levels can help evaluate conditions such as male pattern baldness prostate disorders or hormonal imbalances. In women testing can provide insights into androgen-related issues such as excessive hair growth (hirsutism) acne or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
IGF-1 is known as the "growth hormone" because it stimulates growth in cells throughout the body. This leads to growth and development (from the womb and through adolescence), strengthening of tissues (e.g. improving bone density, building muscle), and healing (e.g. skin, bones, gut lining), depending on what the body needs.

The primary energy molecule for your cells. High fasting levels may indicate prediabetes or diabetes.
A vital mineral mostly stored in bones, also critical for nerve, muscle, and heart function. Abnormal levels can affect bone health, nerve and heart function, or indicate parathyroid issues.
Regulated by kidneys; essential for fluid balance and nerve signaling.
Crucial for muscle contractions and heart rhythm.
Works with sodium to manage body fluid and acid-base balance.
Reflects acid-base (pH) balance.
Waste product from protein breakdown; elevated in kidney dysfunction or dehydration.
Calculated from creatinine levels, age, gender, and ethnicity. It estimates kidney function; a lower GFR indicates reduced kidney efficiency.
Muscle metabolism byproduct cleared by kidneys; elevated levels can indicate impaired kidney function.
A liver-made protein that transports hormones, drugs, and maintains fluid balance.
A byproduct of red blood cell breakdown processed by the liver. High bilirubin levels can cause jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) and may indicate liver dysfunction, bile duct obstruction, or hemolysis .
Sum of albumin plus globulins (e.g., antibodies); assesses nutritional and immune status.
An enzyme found in various tissues, including the liver, bones, kidneys, and bile ducts.
An enzyme primarily found in the liver. ALT is more liver-specific than AST. High ALT levels typically indicate liver cell injury or inflammation, such as in hepatitis or fatty liver disease .
An enzyme found in the liver, heart, muscles, and kidneys. Elevated AST levels can indicate liver damage; however, since AST is also present in other tissues, high levels may also suggest muscle or heart issues .
An enzyme found in the liver and bile ducts. Elevated GGT levels can indicate liver disease, bile duct problems, or alcohol use. It's often used to confirm that an elevated ALP is due to liver or bile duct issues .

hs-CRP is revelatory in one's overall health as it relates to the risk of inflammation-related diseases. Chronic inflammation is linked to every major disease: heart disease (even before symptoms occur), type 2 diabetes, cancer, high blood pressure, Alzheimer’s, depression, all autoimmune diseases, and severe allergic reactions like asthma.
ESR measures inflammation in the body and is often elevated in autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis lupus and vasculitis.

Metabolic

This is the biggest difference between conventional testing and functional testing. Insurance does not cover these panels, so they are rarely performed. These tests are a game changer for identifying root causes of chronic disease and stubborn symptoms.

Urinary Organic Acids Test (OAT) - Organic Acids testing can tell us many many things, including vitamin deficiencies, mitochondrial function, detoxification defects, neurotransmitter imbalances, and gut "dysbiosis" markers. It does a great job showing possible yeast or fungal exposure related to Candida overgrowths and Mold Toxicity.

Food Sensitivity Testing - We use Cyrex Food Sensitivities testing exclusively. Cyrex is the gold standard in food sensitivity and autoimmune reactivity testing.

Autoimmune Reactivity Testing - Dr. Macie often wants to know if a person has autoimmune disease, and will use Cyrex testing to look for tissue antibodies to things like stomach, thyroid, joints, adrenals, pancreas, connective tissues, or neurological tissues like the brain. When there is one autoimmune disease process occurring there are often multiple others!

Digestive Testing - Digestive testing varies depending on the patient. It can be very helpful to look at a stool test for GI inflammation, pathogens like parasites, or overgrowths like Candida or SIBO, and we often use either the GI Effects from Genova, the Gut Zoomer from Vibrant America, or the GI Map from Diagnostic Solutions. Dr. Macie also looks for digestive autoimmunity, and intestinal permeability testing (Cyrex Array 2) quite often.

Hormone Testing - While popular in the general public, Dr. Macie doesn't do hormone testing initially unless for a specific reason, because most of her clients know they have hormone issues, and our goal is to look for the root cause of WHY the hormones are imbalanced. The exception to that is thyroid hormone testing and adrenal hormone testing, which she does quite often. When she does look at hormones she likes to see a comprehensive picture of ALL the reproductive hormones, best done through a Dried Urine Test like the DUTCH test $400.

Mold/Mycotoxin Testing - Mold is often a diagnosis of history and exclusion, but for verification Dr. Macie likes to use Urinary Organic Acids Testing from Great Plains Labs or she uses Urinary Mycotoxins testing from both Great Plains Labs and RealTime Labs. Occasionally Dr. Macie will want to see inflammatory markers from a CIRS panel, a popular mold treatment protocol.

"Other" Testing - Sometimes we have to look for bigger, deeper, hidden triggers of chronic health conditions like heavy metals, Lyme disease, or others. We have lab testing options for (almost) all conditions!

Functional Lab Testing

Learn More About Advanced Testing

Learn About Basic Biomarkers We Test

Complete Blood Count (CBC) with Differential